Geotechnical engineers harness a critical role in recognizing subsurface voids, which pose significant challenges to the stability and performance of structures. These hidden cavities can arise from various causes, such as geological formations, degradation, or human activities. Employing a suite of investigative techniques, including geophysical

Subsurface voids pose significant concerns to geotechnical stability. Accurately mapping these voids is crucial for ensuring the soundness of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole examination, can be expensive and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground electrical resistiv

Geotechnical exploration strategies are essential for characterizing cavities and voids within the subsurface. These structures can significantly affect the stability of foundations, infrastructure, and slope. A variety of non-invasive exploration methods are employed to detect cavities and voids. These include drilling, geophysical techniques such

Geophysical exploration plays a crucial role in the identification and evaluation of potential mineral deposits. By employing various physical methods, geologists can penetrate beneath the Earth's surface to identify subsurface structures and anomalies indicative of mineral presence. These geophysical techniques often involve the recording of phys